Kubera iki imihindagurikire y’ikirere ari ikintu cyo kwitabwaho?

Uko isi igenda ishyuha, ni ko ihindura imiterere y’imiyaga n’iy’inyanja. Ibi byangiza ikirere. Twubatse inzuri n’imigi mu gihe cy’imyaka 6000 ishize. Ubu ahantu hose harimo kubaho impinduka mu bihe by’imvura n’iby’ubushyuhe. Ahantu henshi bene izo mpinduka zarakabije.

1. Inkubi y’umuyaga n’imyuzure: Inyanja ishyushye iteza izamuka ry’amazi menshi yahindutse umwuka, bivuze ko ibicu bikurura amazi menshi mbere y’uko yinjira mu butaka. Ibi bisobanuye ko ibice byisi byahuye n’imiyaga, za serwakira, n’inkubi yakunze kuba mu burasirazuba bw’isi biba byarabayemo ibicu byinshi. Mu bice bikonje, urubura rurimo kuyenga na rwo rushobora guteza imyuzure.
2. Amapfa: Ni igihe imvura igwa ahantu hamwe ikaba itagera ahandi. Uko ibihe by’imvura bigenda bihindagurika cyane, ahantu henshi hagenda haba amapfa. Urugero, impinduka z’ibihe by’imvura zishobora guteza imyuzure muri Aziya, zigateza amapfa muri Australia.
3. Inkongi: Kuba amazi akamuka azamuka nk’umwuka kandi hakagwa imvura nke, bituma ibimera byumagara. Ibimera byumagaye no kuba hariho ubushyuye bwinshi bituma bikwirakwiza inkongi y’umuriro ku buryo bworoshye cyane. Muri Burazili, Ositarariya, no muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika abantu babarirwa muri za mirongo barapfuye, abagera mu bihumbi bavuye mu ngo zabo, kandi hegitari zibarizwa mu mamiliyoni zarangiritse. Inkongi kandi ni mbi kuko zongera umwuka wa karuboni ujya mu kirere.

Imvura y’umurengera itwara ibihingwa, iyo ibaye nke cyane iteza amapfa. Ubushyuhe bwinshi buzana udusimba n’indwara byangiza ibihingwa n’amatungo. Ibi byose bivuze ko inzara yiyongera.

Uko uturundo tw’urubura tuba turi kuri Greenland no Antarctica tugenda tuyenga, tuzamura urwego amazi y’inyanja aba agezeho. Iyo amazi ashyushye, aho ari hagenda haguka bityo izamuka ry’aho amazi ageze na ryo rikaba ryanaterwa n’uko inyanja zagutse. Ibihugu biherereye ku butumburuke bwo hasi nk’ibirwa bya Pasifike n’igihugu nka Bangladesh biba biri mu kaga by’umwihariko. Inyanja ishyushye ntishobora kubika umwuka wa karubone uba uyirimo (tekereza ku tuntu tw’amazi tuba tubira igihe uyatetse ) biityo rero uko inyanja ishyuha ni ko irekura umwuka wa karubone noneho ikazambya ukwihuta kw’imihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, niko udusimba dukunda ubushyuhe nk’imibu ishobora kugenda ikagera kure igakwirakwiza indwara nka malariya, dengue na zika ku bantu benshi. Imihindagurikire y’ikirere iteza n’imfu zitewe n’ubushyuhe. Ibyo bisigazwa byo mu butaka ndetse n’inkongi z’umuriro zitwika amashyamba biteza imihindagurikire y’ikirere kandi bikongera ihumana ry’umwuka abantu bahumeka, bikaba byateza indwara ya kanseri, indwara z’umutima, indwara zifata imyanya y’ubuhumekero, ihungabana ry’imikorere y’ubwonko ndetse no kubyara abana badashyitse.

Uko ibi bibazo byose birushaho gukomera, abantu bisanga bagomba kwimuka bashakisha aho babona ituze. Abenshi mu batuye ibirwa bya Pasifike bavuye mu byabo kubera ko inyanja yuzuye, naho muri Amerika y’amajyepfo, mu Buhindi, muri Sudani naho imyuzure n’amapfa biteza abantu kwimuka. Biragaragara ko gusahuranwa amikoro make asigaye, cyangwa bitewe n’iryo yimuka rya hato na hato bizahembera intambara nshya, ari nako bibyutsa iza kera.

Abantu n’ikirere, kimwe n’imyuzure n’inkongi bishobora konona ubuzima bw’inyamaswa n’ubw’ibimera. Inyamaswa zimwe zikenera ubukonje kugira ngo zibone ibyo kurya kandi zororoke, mu gihe izindi zigera mu bushyuhe zigapfa. Uko inyanja ishyuha, urugero, utunyamaswa two mu mazi twitwa Coral dutangira gupfa. Coral ni inkingi ya mwamba mu bigize urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima. Muri iyi myaka 50 ishize, inyamaswa zirenga 60% zishwe n’abantu.

Nibura amoko y’inyamaswa agera kuri miliyoni imwe ubu ari mu nzira yo gushira ku isi. Ibi si ikibazo kuri izo nyamaswa ahubwo ni n’ikibazo ku bantu, uko kugira ngo tubeho, dukenera urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rufite ubuzima buzira umuze. Inigwahabiri ni zo zibangurira ibihingwa byacu, amamiliyoni y’abantu atunzwe n’amafi, ibimera byinshi n’inyamaswa bivamo imiti kandi twese duhumeka umwuka mwiza dukesha ibimera n’amarebe.