Pregnancy happens when a male sperm fertilises a female egg during sex. A girl can get pregnant after she has started puberty, usually after her first period (menstruation), if she has sex without contraception. If you don’t want to get pregnant, and you’re thinking of having sex, make sure you have contraception ready.

Getting a pregnancy test and next steps

Missing a period is a sign that you may be pregnant. If you think you might be pregnant, get a pregnancy test from your health centre or pharmacy. You can take one from the first day of a missed period.

If your pregnancy test is positive, make an appointment at your health centre. If you hadn’t planned to get pregnant, it can feel very scary but they can provide advice on the options available.

Having a healthy pregnancy

There are many things that you can do to have a healthy pregnancy.

Your doctor will give ante-natal care (ANC) appointments to monitor your weight, blood pressure, measure the baby’s growth and to test for HIV and common problems during pregnancy. It is very important to attend all your ANC appointments. If you test positive for HIV, you’ll be started on anti-retroviral treatment (ART) to keep you healthy and reduce the risk of passing HIV on to your baby.

You can also make changes to your lifestyle to stay healthy. You should stop smoking and avoid drinking alcohol when you’re pregnant as they can harm your unborn baby and lead to long-term harm. Eating a healthy, balanced diet and doing regular moderate exercise helps keeps you healthy and prevents too much weight gain.

You will also be advised to take a daily folic acid supplement until you’re 12 weeks pregnant to reduce the risk of conditions like spina bifida.

After you’ve had your baby, make sure to go to your follow up appointments to check your health and get the support you need, and so that your baby can be weighed, monitored and get all their vaccinations. If you are living with HIV your baby will also need to be tested for HIV.

Self-Care

Being a young parent comes with unique challenges. Learn more about caring for your mental health as a young parent.

Gusama bibaho iyo intanga ngabo ihuye n'intanga ngore haba mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina cyangwa ubundi buryo byakorwamo. Umukobwa ugeze mu gihe cy'ubwangavu ashobora gusama, mubisanzwe nyuma yigihe cye cya mbere (imihango), iyo aryamanye atarinze kuboneza urubyaro. Niba udashaka gusama, ukaba utekereza gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, menya neza ko witeguye kuringaniza imbyaro.

Kwipimisha inda n'intambwe ikurikira

Kubura imihango ni ikimenyetso cyuko ushobora kuba utwite. Niba utekereza ko ushobora kuba utwite, baza ikizamini cyo gutwita ku kigo nderabuzima cyangwa farumasi. Urashobora gufata imwe kuva kumunsi wambere wigihe cyabuze.

Niba ikizamini cyawe cyo gutwita ari cyiza, kora gahunda ku kigo nderabuzima. Niba utari wateguye gusama, birashobora kumva biteye ubwoba ariko barashobora gutanga inama kumahitamo ahari.

Ubuzima bwiza mu gihe utwite

Hariho ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugirango utwite neza.

Muganga wawe azaguha gahunda yo kwipimisha (ANC) kugirango akurikirane ibiro byawe, umuvuduko wamaraso, gupima imikurire yumwana no gupima virusi itera sida nibibazo bisanzwe mugihe utwite. Ni ngombwa cyane kwitabira gahunda zawe zose za ANC. Niba wipimishije virusi itera sida, uzatangira kuvura anti-virusi (ART) kugirango ugire ubuzima bwiza kandi ugabanye ibyago byo kwanduza virusi itera sida umwana wawe.

Urashobora kandi guhindura ubuzima bwawe kugirango ugumane ubuzima bwiza. Ugomba kureka kunywa itabi kandi ukirinda kunywa inzoga mugihe utwite kuko zishobora kwangiza umwana wawe utaravuka kandi bikakugirira nabi igihe kirekire. Kurya indyo yuzuye, iringaniye no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe igufasha kugumana ubuzima bwiza kandi ikarinda kwiyongera cyane.

Uzagirwa kandi inama yo gufata aside folike ya buri munsi kugeza utwite ibyumweru 12 kugirango ugabanye ibyago byindwara nka spina bifida.

Umaze kubyara, menya neza ko ujya gukurikirana gahunda zawe kugirango urebe ubuzima bwawe kandi ubone inkunga ukeneye, kandi kugirango umwana wawe apimwe, akurikiranwe kandi abone inkingo zabo zose. Niba ubana na virusi itera sida umwana wawe azakenera kwipimisha virusi itera sida.

Kwiyitaho

Kuba umubyeyi ukiri muto bizana ibibazo byihariye. Wige byinshi kubyerekeye kwita kubuzima bwawe bwo mumutwe nkumubyeyi ukiri muto.